Fire Suppression
Sprinkler Head Spacing (NFPA 13)
Hazard class + sprinkler type determines maximum coverage per head and max spacing between heads. Use this for early layout; final design requires hydraulic calcs.
NFPA 13 standard spray coverage
| Hazard | Max area/head | Max spacing |
|---|---|---|
| Light | 225 sf | 15 ft |
| Ordinary Group 1 | 130 sf | 15 ft |
| Ordinary Group 2 | 130 sf | 15 ft |
| Extra Group 1 | 100 sf | 12 ft |
| Extra Group 2 | 100 sf | 12 ft |
FAQ
Why a minimum spacing? +
Heads too close together cool each other and delay activation. NFPA 13 mandates 6 ft minimum between standard sprinklers in most cases.
ESFR vs standard? +
ESFR delivers more water faster, intended to actually suppress (not just control) high-pile storage fires. Different design rules — typically larger coverage and higher K-factor.
Sidewall heads? +
For finished spaces where you can't run pipe to the ceiling. Max coverage usually smaller (50-80 sf typical) and throw direction matters.